About this Dataset

Data Associated With "Primary Quantum Thermometry Of Mm-wave Blackbody Radiation Via Induced State Transfer In Rydberg States Of Cold Atoms"

Rydberg states of alkali atoms are highly sensitive to electromagnetic radiation in the GHz-to-THz regime because their transitions have large electric dipole moments. Consequently, environmental blackbody radiation (BBR) can couple Rydberg states together at ?s timescales. Here, we track the BBR-induced transfer of a prepared Rydberg state to its neighbors and use the evolution of these state populations to characterize the BBR field at the relevant wavelengths, primarily at 130 GHz. We use selective field ionization readout of Rydberg states with principal quantum number n?30 in 85Rb and substantiate our ionization signal with a theoretical model. With this detection method, we measure the associated blackbody-radiation-induced time dynamics of these states, reproduce the results with a simple semi-classical population transfer model, and demonstrate that this measurement is temperature sensitive with a statistical sensitivity to the fractional temperature uncertainty of 0.09 Hz?1/2, corresponding to 26 K?Hz?1/2 at room temperature. This represents a calibration-free SI-traceable temperature measurement, for which we calculate a systematic fractional temperature uncertainty of 0.006, corresponding to 2 K at room temperature when used as a primary temperature standard.Included in this dataset is the data associated with every plot in the paper, separated by figure number.
Organization: Department of Commerce
Last updated: 2025-09-30T05:40:15.334824
Tags: atoms, blackbody, quantum, radiation, radiometry, rubidium, rydberg, thermometry

Tables

Fig 2a

@usgov.doc_gov_data_associated_with_primary_quantum_thermomet_ad226214.fig_2a

2.67 MB
300 rows
827 columns

CREATE TABLE fig_2a (
  "eapplied_kv_m" DOUBLE  -- Eapplied (kV/m),
  "n_32s_1_2_theoretical_sfi" DOUBLE  -- 32S 1/2 Theoretical SFI,
  "unnamed_2" VARCHAR  -- Unnamed: 2,
  "eapplied_kv_m_1" DOUBLE  -- Eapplied (kV/m).1,
  "ionization_potential_ghz" DOUBLE  -- Ionization Potential (GHz),
  "unnamed_5" VARCHAR  -- Unnamed: 5,
  "e_field_kv_cm" DOUBLE  -- E Field (kV/cm),
  "n_27s_1_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27S 1/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27p_1_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27P 1/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27p_3_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27P 3/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27d_3_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27D 3/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27d_5_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27D 5/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27f_5_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27F 5/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27f_7_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27F 7/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27g_7_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27G 7/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27g_9_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27G 9/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27h_9_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27H 9/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27h_11_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27H 11/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27i_11_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27I 11/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27i_13_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27I 13/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27j_13_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27J 13/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27j_15_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27J 15/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27k_15_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27K 15/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27k_17_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27K 17/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27l_17_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27L 17/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27l_19_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27L 19/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27m_19_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27M 19/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27m_21_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27M 21/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27n_21_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27N 21/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27n_23_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27N 23/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27o_23_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27O 23/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27o_25_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27O 25/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27p_25_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27P 25/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27p_27_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27P 27/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27q_27_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27Q 27/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27q_29_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27Q 29/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27r_29_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27R 29/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27r_31_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27R 31/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27s_31_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27S 31/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27s_33_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27S 33/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27t_33_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27T 33/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27t_35_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27T 35/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27u_35_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27U 35/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27u_37_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27U 37/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27v_37_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27V 37/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27v_39_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27V 39/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27w_39_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27W 39/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_27w_41_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 27W 41/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28s_1_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28S 1/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28p_1_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28P 1/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28p_3_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28P 3/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28d_3_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28D 3/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28d_5_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28D 5/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28f_5_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28F 5/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28f_7_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28F 7/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28g_7_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28G 7/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28g_9_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28G 9/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28h_9_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28H 9/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28h_11_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28H 11/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28i_11_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28I 11/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28i_13_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28I 13/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28j_13_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28J 13/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28j_15_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28J 15/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28k_15_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28K 15/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28k_17_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28K 17/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28l_17_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28L 17/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28l_19_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28L 19/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28m_19_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28M 19/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28m_21_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28M 21/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28n_21_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28N 21/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28n_23_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28N 23/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28o_23_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28O 23/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28o_25_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28O 25/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28p_25_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28P 25/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28p_27_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28P 27/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28q_27_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28Q 27/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28q_29_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28Q 29/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28r_29_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28R 29/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28r_31_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28R 31/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28s_31_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28S 31/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28s_33_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28S 33/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28t_33_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28T 33/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28t_35_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28T 35/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28u_35_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28U 35/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28u_37_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28U 37/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28v_37_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28V 37/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28v_39_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28V 39/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28w_39_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28W 39/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_28w_41_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 28W 41/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_29s_1_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 29S 1/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_29p_1_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 29P 1/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_29p_3_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 29P 3/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_29d_3_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 29D 3/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_29d_5_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 29D 5/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_29f_5_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 29F 5/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_29f_7_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 29F 7/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_29g_7_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 29G 7/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_29g_9_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 29G 9/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_29h_9_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 29H 9/2 Energy (GHz),
  "n_29h_11_2_energy_ghz" DOUBLE  -- 29H 11/2 Energy (GHz)
);

Fig 2b

@usgov.doc_gov_data_associated_with_primary_quantum_thermomet_ad226214.fig_2b

63.45 kB
1,000 rows
17 columns

CREATE TABLE fig_2b (
  "eapplied_kv_m" DOUBLE  -- Eapplied (kV/m),
  "electron_signal_at_t_bbr_14_us" DOUBLE  -- Electron Signal At T BBR =14 Us,
  "electron_signal_at_t_bbr_22_us" DOUBLE  -- Electron Signal At T BBR = 22 Us,
  "electron_signal_at_t_bbr_32_us" DOUBLE  -- Electron Signal At T BBR = 32 Us,
  "electron_signal_at_t_bbr_52_us" DOUBLE  -- Electron Signal At T BBR = 52 Us,
  "electron_signal_at_t_bbr_92_us" DOUBLE  -- Electron Signal At T BBR = 92 Us,
  "unnamed_6" VARCHAR  -- Unnamed: 6,
  "eapplied_kv_m_1" DOUBLE  -- Eapplied (kV/m).1,
  "n_32s_1_2_theoretical_sfi" DOUBLE  -- 32S 1/2 Theoretical SFI,
  "eapplied_kv_m_2" DOUBLE  -- Eapplied (kV/m).2,
  "n_31p_3_2_theoretical_sfi" DOUBLE  -- 31P 3/2 Theoretical SFI,
  "eapplied_kv_m_3" DOUBLE  -- Eapplied (kV/m).3,
  "n_32p_3_2_theoretical_sfi" DOUBLE  -- 32P 3/2 Theoretical SFI,
  "eapplied_kv_m_4" DOUBLE  -- Eapplied (kV/m).4,
  "n_30p_3_2_theoretical_sfi" DOUBLE  -- 30P 3/2 Theoretical SFI,
  "eapplied_kv_m_5" DOUBLE  -- Eapplied (kV/m).5,
  "n_33p_3_2_theoretical_sfi" DOUBLE  -- 33P 3/2 Theoretical SFI
);

Fig 3a

@usgov.doc_gov_data_associated_with_primary_quantum_thermomet_ad226214.fig_3a

102.22 kB
1,001 rows
22 columns

CREATE TABLE fig_3a (
  "tbbr" VARCHAR  -- TBBR =,
  "n_1_20e_01" VARCHAR  -- 1.20E+01,
  "n_1_30e_01" VARCHAR  -- 1.30E+01,
  "n_1_40e_01" VARCHAR  -- 1.40E+01,
  "n_1_50e_01" VARCHAR  -- 1.50E+01,
  "n_1_70e_01" VARCHAR  -- 1.70E+01,
  "n_2_20e_01" VARCHAR  -- 2.20E+01,
  "n_2_70e_01" VARCHAR  -- 2.70E+01,
  "n_3_20e_01" VARCHAR  -- 3.20E+01,
  "n_3_70e_01" VARCHAR  -- 3.70E+01,
  "n_4_20e_01" VARCHAR  -- 4.20E+01,
  "n_4_70e_01" VARCHAR  -- 4.70E+01,
  "n_5_20e_01" VARCHAR  -- 5.20E+01,
  "n_6_20e_01" VARCHAR  -- 6.20E+01,
  "n_7_20e_01" VARCHAR  -- 7.20E+01,
  "n_8_20e_01" VARCHAR  -- 8.20E+01,
  "n_9_70e_01" VARCHAR  -- 9.70E+01,
  "n_1_12e_02" VARCHAR  -- 1.12E+02,
  "n_1_32e_02" VARCHAR  -- 1.32E+02,
  "n_1_62e_02" VARCHAR  -- 1.62E+02,
  "n_2_12e_02" VARCHAR  -- 2.12E+02,
  "n_2_52e_02" VARCHAR  -- 2.52E+02
);

Fig 3b

@usgov.doc_gov_data_associated_with_primary_quantum_thermomet_ad226214.fig_3b

13.29 kB
50 rows
13 columns

CREATE TABLE fig_3b (
  "t_bbr_us" DOUBLE  -- T BBR (us),
  "n33p_3_2" DOUBLE,
  "sigma_n33p_3_2" DOUBLE,
  "n32p_3_2" DOUBLE,
  "sigma_n32p_3_2" DOUBLE,
  "n32s_3_2_n31p_3_2" DOUBLE  -- N32S 3/2 + N31P 3/2,
  "sigma_n32s_3_2_n31p_3_2" DOUBLE  -- Sigma N32S 3/2 + N31P 3/2,
  "unnamed_7" VARCHAR  -- Unnamed: 7,
  "t_bbr_us_1" DOUBLE  -- T BBR (us).1,
  "theory_n32s_1_2" DOUBLE,
  "theory_n32s_1_2_n31p_3_2" DOUBLE  -- Theory N32S 1/2 + N31P 3/2,
  "theory_n32p_3_2" DOUBLE,
  "theory_n33p_3_2" DOUBLE
);

Fig 4

@usgov.doc_gov_data_associated_with_primary_quantum_thermomet_ad226214.fig_4

12.79 kB
12 rows
16 columns

CREATE TABLE fig_4 (
  "t_bbr_us" DOUBLE  -- T BBR (us),
  "r_21c" DOUBLE  -- R @ 21C,
  "sigma_r_21c" DOUBLE  -- Sigma R @ 21C,
  "theory_r_21c" DOUBLE  -- Theory R @ 21C,
  "r_39c" DOUBLE  -- R @ 39C,
  "sigma_r_39c" DOUBLE  -- Sigma R @ 39C,
  "theory_r_39c" DOUBLE  -- Theory R @ 39C,
  "r_63c" DOUBLE  -- R @ 63C,
  "sigma_r_63c" DOUBLE  -- Sigma R @ 63C,
  "theory_r_63c" DOUBLE  -- Theory R @ 63C,
  "unnamed_10" VARCHAR  -- Unnamed: 10,
  "unnamed_11" VARCHAR  -- Unnamed: 11,
  "texp_degrees_c" DOUBLE  -- Texp (degrees C),
  "sigma_texp_degrees_c" DOUBLE  -- Sigma Texp (degrees C),
  "tprimary_degrees_c" DOUBLE  -- Tprimary (degrees C),
  "sigma_tprimary_degrees_c" DOUBLE  -- Sigma Tprimary (degrees C)
);