1 | Yes | No | Kenya | No | Employed part-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Mathematics or statistics | 20 to 99 employees | Full-stack developer | 3-5 years | 3-5 years | Extremely satisfied | Extremely satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | 10 | 7 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 9 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | 3 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 3 | My job status or other personal status changed | nan | nan | Monthly | | KES | Slack | One to three months | Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in a hackathon | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.) | nan | To build my professional network | Strongly agree | Strongly agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | JavaScript;Python;HTML;CSS | JavaScript;Python;HTML;CSS | Redis;SQL Server;MySQL;PostgreSQL;Amazon RDS/Aurora;Microsoft Azure (Tables, CosmosDB, SQL, etc) | Redis;SQL Server;MySQL;PostgreSQL;Amazon RDS/Aurora;Microsoft Azure (Tables, CosmosDB, SQL, etc) | AWS;Azure;Linux;Firebase | AWS;Azure;Linux;Firebase | Django;React | Django;React | Komodo;Vim;Visual Studio Code | Linux-based | 1 | Agile;Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | No | nan | Strongly agree | Strongly agree | Strongly agree | Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad);Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 1 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 2 | 6 | 3 | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | Algorithms making important decisions | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Yes, and publicly | Upper management at the company/organization |
3 | Yes | Yes | United Kingdom | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | A natural science (ex. biology, chemistry, physics) | 10,000 or more employees | Database administrator;DevOps specialist;Full-stack developer;System administrator | 30 or more years | 18-20 years | Moderately dissatisfied | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I am actively looking for a job | More than 4 years ago | 1 | 7 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 7 | 10 | 4 | 11 | 9 | 6 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 7 | I saw an employer’s advertisement | British pounds sterling (£) | 51000 | Yearly | 70841 | GBP | Confluence;Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.);Slack;Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | One to three months | Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow | nan | nan | Agree | Agree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | JavaScript;Python;Bash/Shell | Go;Python | Redis;PostgreSQL;Memcached | PostgreSQL | Linux | Linux | Django | React | IPython / Jupyter;Sublime Text;Vim | Linux-based | 2 | nan | Git;Subversion | A few times per week | Yes | Yes | The website I was visiting asked me to disable it | Somewhat agree | Neither agree nor disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | nan | 3 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 2 | Increasing automation of jobs | Increasing automation of jobs | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Depends on what it is | Upper management at the company/organization |
4 | Yes | Yes | United States | No | Employed full-time | Associate degree | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 20 to 99 employees | Engineering manager;Full-stack developer | 24-26 years | 6-8 years | Moderately satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | nan | nan | nan | nan | | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | | | | | | | | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan |
5 | No | No | United States | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 100 to 499 employees | Full-stack developer | 18-20 years | 12-14 years | Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied | Slightly dissatisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | A recruiter contacted me | U.S. dollars ($) | nan | nan | | nan | nan | Three to six months | Completed an industry certification program (e.g. MCPD);Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;The technology’s online help system | nan | nan | Disagree | Disagree | Strongly disagree | C#;JavaScript;SQL;TypeScript;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | C#;JavaScript;SQL;TypeScript;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | SQL Server;Microsoft Azure (Tables, CosmosDB, SQL, etc) | SQL Server;Microsoft Azure (Tables, CosmosDB, SQL, etc) | Azure | Azure | nan | Angular;.NET Core;React | Visual Studio;Visual Studio Code | Windows | 2 | Agile;Kanban;Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | The ad-blocking software was causing display issues on a website | Neither agree nor disagree | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | | | | | | | | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | A governmental or other regulatory body | I don't care about it, or I haven't thought about it. | No | Yes, but only within the company | Upper management at the company/organization |
7 | Yes | No | South Africa | Yes, part-time | Employed full-time | Some college/university study without earning a degree | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 10,000 or more employees | Data or business analyst;Desktop or enterprise applications developer;Game or graphics developer;QA or test developer;Student | 6-8 years | 0-2 years | Slightly satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 1 and 2 years ago | 8 | 5 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 10 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 3 | 11 | 7 | 5 | 9 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 7 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 5 | My job status or other personal status changed | South African rands (R) | 260000 | Yearly | 21426 | ZAR | Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.) | Three to six months | Taken a part-time in-person course in programming or software development;Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow | nan | nan | Strongly agree | Agree | Strongly disagree | C;C++;Java;Matlab;R;SQL;Bash/Shell | Assembly;C;C++;Matlab;SQL;Bash/Shell | SQL Server;PostgreSQL;Oracle;IBM Db2 | PostgreSQL;Oracle;IBM Db2 | Arduino;Windows Desktop or Server | Arduino;Windows Desktop or Server | nan | nan | Notepad++;Visual Studio;Visual Studio Code | Windows | 2 | Evidence-based software engineering;Formal standard such as ISO 9001 or IEEE 12207 (aka “waterfall” methodologies) | Zip file back-ups | Weekly or a few times per month | No | nan | nan | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Somewhat disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad) | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 1 | 7 | 5 | Algorithms making important decisions | Algorithms making important decisions | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | No | Yes, but only within the company | Upper management at the company/organization |
8 | Yes | No | United Kingdom | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 10 to 19 employees | Back-end developer;Database administrator;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer | 6-8 years | 3-5 years | Moderately satisfied | Slightly satisfied | Working in a different or more specialized technical role than the one I'm in now | I am actively looking for a job | Between 2 and 4 years ago | 8 | 5 | 4 | 9 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 10 | 7 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 10 | 9 | 2 | 6 | 5 | 11 | 7 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 4 | I did not receive an expected change in compensation | British pounds sterling (£) | 30000 | nan | 41671 | GBP | Confluence;Jira;Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.);Other chat system (IRC, proprietary software, etc.) | Less than a month | Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in online coding competitions (e.g. HackerRank, CodeChef, TopCoder) | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.) | nan | To improve my general technical skills or programming ability;To improve my knowledge of a specific programming language, framework, or other technology;Because I find it enjoyable | Disagree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | Strongly disagree | Java;JavaScript;Python;TypeScript;HTML;CSS | C#;Go;Java;JavaScript;Python;SQL;TypeScript;HTML;CSS | MongoDB | PostgreSQL | Linux | Linux | Angular;Node.js | Node.js | IntelliJ;PyCharm;Visual Studio Code | Linux-based | 2 | Agile | Git | A few times per week | Yes | Yes | I wanted to support the website I was visiting by viewing their ads | Somewhat agree | Somewhat agree | Somewhat disagree | Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad);Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 1 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 5 | 6 | Increasing automation of jobs | Algorithms making important decisions | A governmental or other regulatory body | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Depends on what it is | Upper management at the company/organization |
9 | Yes | Yes | United States | No | Employed full-time | Some college/university study without earning a degree | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 10,000 or more employees | Back-end developer;Front-end developer;Full-stack developer | 9-11 years | 0-2 years | Slightly satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | 5 | 3 | 9 | 4 | 1 | 8 | 2 | 7 | 10 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 11 | 4 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 10 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 7 | My job status or other personal status changed | U.S. dollars ($) | 120000 | Yearly | 120000 | USD | Confluence;Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.);Stack Overflow Enterprise;Other chat system (IRC, proprietary software, etc.);Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | Six to nine months | Received on-the-job training in software development;Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;Questions & answers on Stack Overflow;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.) | nan | nan | Disagree | Agree | Strongly disagree | JavaScript;HTML;CSS | C;Go;JavaScript;Python;HTML;CSS | MongoDB | nan | Linux | Linux | Node.js;React | React;TensorFlow | Atom;Visual Studio Code | MacOS | 2 | Agile;Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | Yes | The ad-blocking software was causing display issues on a website | Somewhat disagree | Neither agree nor disagree | Somewhat disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 1 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 7 | 6 | Algorithms making important decisions | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Yes, but only within the company | Upper management at the company/organization |
10 | Yes | Yes | Nigeria | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 10 to 19 employees | Designer;Front-end developer;QA or test developer | 0-2 years | 3-5 years | Slightly satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Working as a founder or co-founder of my own company | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Less than a year ago | 6 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 8 | 10 | 1 | 9 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 11 | 9 | 4 | 10 | 8 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 5 | 4 | I saw an employer’s advertisement | nan | nan | nan | | nan | Facebook;Google Hangouts/Chat;Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.);Slack;Trello;Other wiki tool (Github, Google Sites, proprietary software, etc.) | One to three months | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Participated in a full-time developer training program or bootcamp;Received on-the-job training in software development;Participated in online coding competitions (e.g. HackerRank, CodeChef, TopCoder);Contributed to open sou… | nan | Immediately after graduating | To improve my general technical skills or programming ability;To improve my knowledge of a specific programming language, framework, or other technology;To improve my ability to work on a team with other programmers;Because I find it enjoyable | Strongly agree | Strongly disagree | Neither Agree nor Disagree | JavaScript;TypeScript;HTML;CSS | Matlab;SQL;Kotlin;Bash/Shell | MongoDB;MySQL;Microsoft Azure (Tables, CosmosDB, SQL, etc);Google Cloud Storage | nan | Azure;Heroku | Amazon Echo;Android;Apple Watch or Apple TV;AWS;Google Cloud Platform/App Engine;Google Home;iOS;WordPress;Firebase | Angular;Node.js | .NET Core;Django | Atom;Notepad++;Sublime Text;Visual Studio Code | Windows | 1 | Agile;Extreme programming (XP);Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | Yes | No | nan | Strongly agree | Neither agree nor disagree | Strongly disagree | Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad) | | | | | | | | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | Evolving definitions of "fairness" in algorithmic versus human decisions | nan | I'm excited about the possibilities more than worried about the dangers. | Depends on what it is | Yes, but only within the company | The developer who wrote it |
11 | Yes | Yes | United States | No | Employed full-time | Some college/university study without earning a degree | Fine arts or performing arts (ex. graphic design, music, studio art) | 100 to 499 employees | Back-end developer;C-suite executive (CEO, CTO, etc.);Data or business analyst;Database administrator;DevOps specialist;Engineering manager;Full-stack developer;System administrator | 30 or more years | 21-23 years | Moderately satisfied | Moderately satisfied | Doing the same work | I’m not actively looking, but I am open to new opportunities | Between 2 and 4 years ago | 6 | 3 | 7 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 10 | 8 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 11 | 5 | 8 | 4 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 5 | My job status or other personal status changed | U.S. dollars ($) | 250000 | Yearly | 250000 | USD | Confluence;HipChat;Jira;Office / productivity suite (Microsoft Office, Google Suite, etc.) | Three to six months | Taken an online course in programming or software development (e.g. a MOOC);Taught yourself a new language, framework, or tool without taking a formal course;Participated in a hackathon;Contributed to open source software | The official documentation and/or standards for the technology;A book or e-book from O’Reilly, Apress, or a similar publisher;A college/university computer science or software engineering book;Online developer communities other than Stack Overflow (ex. forums, listservs, IRC channels, etc.);Tapping … | nan | Because I find it enjoyable | Strongly agree | Strongly disagree | Strongly disagree | Assembly;CoffeeScript;Erlang;Go;JavaScript;Lua;Python;Ruby;SQL;HTML;CSS;Bash/Shell | Erlang;Go;Python;Rust;SQL | Redis;PostgreSQL;Amazon DynamoDB;Apache HBase;Apache Hive;Amazon Redshift;Amazon RDS/Aurora;Elasticsearch | Redis;PostgreSQL;Amazon DynamoDB;Apache Hive;Amazon RDS/Aurora;Neo4j | Amazon Echo;AWS;iOS;Linux;Mac OS;Serverless | AWS;Linux;Mac OS;Serverless | Hadoop;Node.js;React;Spark | nan | IntelliJ;PyCharm;Sublime Text;Vim | MacOS | 1 | Agile;Evidence-based software engineering;Extreme programming (XP);Formal standard such as ISO 9001 or IEEE 12207 (aka “waterfall” methodologies);Kanban;Lean;Pair programming;Scrum | Git | Multiple times per day | No | nan | nan | Neither agree nor disagree | Somewhat agree | Neither agree nor disagree | Clicked on an online advertisement;Saw an online advertisement and then researched it (without clicking on the ad);Stopped going to a website because of their advertising | 1 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 6 | Algorithms making important decisions | Artificial intelligence surpassing human intelligence ("the singularity") | The developers or the people creating the AI | I'm worried about the dangers more than I'm excited about the possibilities. | No | Yes, and publicly | The person who came up with the idea |
16 | No | Yes | India | No | Employed full-time | Bachelor’s degree (BA, BS, B.Eng., etc.) | Computer science, computer engineering, or software engineering | 500 to 999 employees | Designer | 0-2 years | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | nan | nan | nan | nan | | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | | | | | | | | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan | nan |