Student Performance (PIP)

A dataset created at a higher education institution - 'Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre (Portugal)' (derived from several disparate databases) relating to students studying in various undergraduate degrees such as agronomy, design, education, nursing, journalism, management, social services and technology. The dataset includes information known at the time of student enrollment (academic path, demographics, and social-economic factors) and the students' academic performance at the end of the first and second semesters. The data is used to build classification models to predict students' dropout and academic sucess. The problem is formulated as a three category classification task, in which there is a strong imbalance towards one of the classes.

For what purpose was the dataset created?

The dataset was created in a project that aims to contribute to the reduction of academic dropout and failure in higher education, by using machine learning techniques to identify students at risk at an early stage of their academic path, so that strategies to support them can be put into place.
The dataset includes information known at the time of student enrollment – academic path, demographics, and social-economic factors.
The problem is formulated as a three category classification task (dropout, enrolled, and graduate) at the end of the normal duration of the course.

Columns:

Marital status: 1 – single 2 – married 3 – widower 4 – divorced 5 – facto union 6 – legally separated.

Application mode: 1 - 1st phase - general contingent 2 - Ordinance No. 612/93 5 - 1st phase - special contingent (Azores Island) 7 - Holders of other higher courses 10 - Ordinance No. 854-B/99 15 - International student (bachelor) 16 - 1st phase - special contingent (Madeira Island) 17 - 2nd phase - general contingent 18 - 3rd phase - general contingent 26 - Ordinance No. 533-A/99, item b2) (Different Plan) 27 - Ordinance No. 533-A/99, item b3 (Other Institution) 39 - Over 23 years old 42 - Transfer 43 - Change of course 44 - Technological specialization diploma holders 51 - Change of institution/course 53 - Short cycle diploma holders 57 - Change of institution/course (International).

Application order: Application order (between 0 - first choice; and 9 last choice).

Course: 33 - Biofuel Production Technologies 171 - Animation and Multimedia Design 8014 - Social Service (evening attendance) 9003 - Agronomy 9070 - Communication Design 9085 - Veterinary Nursing 9119 - Informatics Engineering 9130 - Equinculture 9147 - Management 9238 - Social Service 9254 - Tourism 9500 - Nursing 9556 - Oral Hygiene 9670 - Advertising and Marketing Management 9773 - Journalism and Communication 9853 - Basic Education 9991 - Management (evening attendance).

Daytime/evening attendance: 1 – daytime 0 - evening.

Previous qualification: 1 - Secondary education 2 - Higher education - bachelor's degree 3 - Higher education - degree 4 - Higher education - master's 5 - Higher education - doctorate 6 - Frequency of higher education 9 - 12th year of schooling - not completed 10 - 11th year of schooling - not completed 12 - Other - 11th year of schooling 14 - 10th year of schooling 15 - 10th year of schooling - not completed 19 - Basic education 3rd cycle (9th/10th/11th year) or equiv. 38 - Basic education 2nd cycle (6th/7th/8th year) or equiv. 39 - Technological specialization course 40 - Higher education - degree (1st cycle) 42 - Professional higher technical course 43 - Higher education - master (2nd cycle).

Previous qualification (grade): Grade of previous qualification (between 0 and 200).

Nacionality: 1 - Portuguese; 2 - German; 6 - Spanish; 11 - Italian; 13 - Dutch; 14 - English; 17 - Lithuanian; 21 - Angolan; 22 - Cape Verdean; 24 - Guinean; 25 - Mozambican; 26 - Santomean; 32 - Turkish; 41 - Brazilian; 62 - Romanian; 100 - Moldova (Republic of); 101 - Mexican; 103 - Ukrainian; 105 - Russian; 108 - Cuban; 109 - Colombian.

Mother's qualification: 1 - Secondary Education - 12th Year of Schooling or Eq. 2 - Higher Education - Bachelor's Degree 3 - Higher Education - Degree 4 - Higher Education - Master's 5 - Higher Education - Doctorate 6 - Frequency of Higher Education 9 - 12th Year of Schooling - Not Completed 10 - 11th Year of Schooling - Not Completed 11 - 7th Year (Old) 12 - Other - 11th Year of Schooling 14 - 10th Year of Schooling 18 - General commerce course 19 - Basic Education 3rd Cycle (9th/10th/11th Year) or Equiv. 22 - Technical-professional course 26 - 7th year of schooling 27 - 2nd cycle of the general high school course 29 - 9th Year of Schooling - Not Completed 30 - 8th year of schooling 34 - Unknown 35 - Can't read or write 36 - Can read without having a 4th year of schooling 37 - Basic education 1st cycle (4th/5th year) or equiv. 38 - Basic Education 2nd Cycle (6th/7th/8th Year) or Equiv. 39 - Technological specialization course 40 - Higher education - degree (1st cycle) 41 - Specialized higher studies course 42 - Professional higher technical course 43 - Higher Education - Master (2nd cycle) 44 - Higher Education - Doctorate (3rd cycle).

Father's qualification: 1 - Secondary Education - 12th Year of Schooling or Eq. 2 - Higher Education - Bachelor's Degree 3 - Higher Education - Degree 4 - Higher Education - Master's 5 - Higher Education - Doctorate 6 - Frequency of Higher Education 9 - 12th Year of Schooling - Not Completed 10 - 11th Year of Schooling - Not Completed 11 - 7th Year (Old) 12 - Other - 11th Year of Schooling 13 - 2nd year complementary high school course 14 - 10th Year of Schooling 18 - General commerce course 19 - Basic Education 3rd Cycle (9th/10th/11th Year) or Equiv. 20 - Complementary High School Course 22 - Technical-professional course 25 - Complementary High School Course - not concluded 26 - 7th year of schooling 27 - 2nd cycle of the general high school course 29 - 9th Year of Schooling - Not Completed 30 - 8th year of schooling 31 - General Course of Administration and Commerce 33 - Supplementary Accounting and Administration 34 - Unknown 35 - Can't read or write 36 - Can read without having a 4th year of schooling 37 - Basic education 1st cycle (4th/5th year) or equiv. 38 - Basic Education 2nd Cycle (6th/7th/8th Year) or Equiv. 39 - Technological specialization course 40 - Higher education - degree (1st cycle) 41 - Specialized higher studies course 42 - Professional higher technical course 43 - Higher Education - Master (2nd cycle) 44 - Higher Education - Doctorate (3rd cycle).

Mother's occupation: 0 - Student 1 - Representatives of the Legislative Power and Executive Bodies, Directors, Directors and Executive Managers 2 - Specialists in Intellectual and Scientific Activities 3 - Intermediate Level Technicians and Professions 4 - Administrative staff 5 - Personal Services, Security and Safety Workers and Sellers 6 - Farmers and Skilled Workers in Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry 7 - Skilled Workers in Industry, Construction and Craftsmen 8 - Installation and Machine Operators and Assembly Workers 9 - Unskilled Workers 10 - Armed Forces Professions 90 - Other Situation 99 - (blank) 122 - Health professionals 123 - teachers 125 - Specialists in information and communication technologies (ICT) 131 - Intermediate level science and engineering technicians and professions 132 - Technicians and professionals, of intermediate level of health 134 - Intermediate level technicians from legal, social, sports, cultural and similar services 141 - Office workers, secretaries in general and data processing operators 143 - Data, accounting, statistical, financial services and registry-related operators 144 - Other administrative support staff 151 - personal service workers 152 - sellers 153 - Personal care workers and the like 171 - Skilled construction workers and the like, except electricians 173 - Skilled workers in printing, precision instrument manufacturing, jewelers, artisans and the like 175 - Workers in food processing, woodworking, clothing and other industries and crafts 191 - cleaning workers 192 - Unskilled workers in agriculture, animal production, fisheries and forestry 193 - Unskilled workers in extractive industry, construction, manufacturing and transport 194 - Meal preparation assistants.

Father's occupation: 0 - Student 1 - Representatives of the Legislative Power and Executive Bodies, Directors, Directors and Executive Managers 2 - Specialists in Intellectual and Scientific Activities 3 - Intermediate Level Technicians and Professions 4 - Administrative staff 5 - Personal Services, Security and Safety Workers and Sellers 6 - Farmers and Skilled Workers in Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry 7 - Skilled Workers in Industry, Construction and Craftsmen 8 - Installation and Machine Operators and Assembly Workers 9 - Unskilled Workers 10 - Armed Forces Professions 90 - Other Situation 99 - (blank) 101 - Armed Forces Officers 102 - Armed Forces Sergeants 103 - Other Armed Forces personnel 112 - Directors of administrative and commercial services 114 - Hotel, catering, trade and other services directors 121 - Specialists in the physical sciences, mathematics, engineering and related techniques 122 - Health professionals 123 - teachers 124 - Specialists in finance, accounting, administrative organization, public and commercial relations 131 - Intermediate level science and engineering technicians and professions 132 - Technicians and professionals, of intermediate level of health 134 - Intermediate level technicians from legal, social, sports, cultural and similar services 135 - Information and communication technology technicians 141 - Office workers, secretaries in general and data processing operators 143 - Data, accounting, statistical, financial services and registry-related operators 144 - Other administrative support staff 151 - personal service workers 152 - sellers 153 - Personal care workers and the like 154 - Protection and security services personnel 161 - Market-oriented farmers and skilled agricultural and animal production workers 163 - Farmers, livestock keepers, fishermen, hunters and gatherers, subsistence 171 - Skilled construction workers and the like, except electricians 172 - Skilled workers in metallurgy, metalworking and similar 174 - Skilled workers in electricity and electronics 175 - Workers in food processing, woodworking, clothing and other industries and crafts 181 - Fixed plant and machine operators 182 - assembly workers 183 - Vehicle drivers and mobile equipment operators 192 - Unskilled workers in agriculture, animal production, fisheries and forestry 193 - Unskilled workers in extractive industry, construction, manufacturing and transport 194 - Meal preparation assistants 195 - Street vendors (except food) and street service providers.

Admission grade: Admission grade (between 0 and 200).

Displaced: 1 – yes 0 – no.

Educational special needs: 1 – yes 0 – no.

Debtor: 1 – yes 0 – no.

Tuition fees up to date: 1 – yes 0 – no.

Gender: 1 – male 0 – female.

Scholarship holder: 1 – yes 0 – no.

Age at enrollment: Age of studend at enrollment.

International: 1 – yes 0 – no.

Curricular units 1st sem (credited): Number of curricular units credited in the 1st semester.

Curricular units 1st sem (enrolled): Number of curricular units enrolled in the 1st semester.

Curricular units 1st sem (evaluations): Number of evaluations to curricular units in the 1st semester.

Curricular units 1st sem (approved): Number of curricular units approved in the 1st semester.

Curricular units 1st sem (grade): Grade average in the 1st semester (between 0 and 20).

Curricular units 1st sem (without evaluations): Number of curricular units without evalutions in the 1st semester.

Curricular units 2st sem (credited): Number of curricular units credited in the 2nd semester.

Curricular units 2st sem (enrolled): Number of curricular units enrolled in the 2nd semester.

Curricular units 2st sem (evaluations): Number of evaluations to curricular units in the 2nd semester.

Curricular units 2st sem (approved): Number of curricular units approved in the 2nd semester.

Curricular units 2st sem (grade): Grade average in the 2nd semester (between 0 and 20).

Curricular units 2st sem (without evaluations): Number of curricular units without evalutions in the 2st semester

Unemployment rate: Unemployment rate (%).

Inflation rate: Inflation rate (%).

GDP: GDP.

Target: Target. The problem is formulated as a three category classification task (dropout, enrolled, and graduate) at the end of the normal duration of the course.

Citations/Acknowledgements
If you use this dataset, please cite:

If you use this dataset in experiments for a scientific publication, please kindly cite our paper:
M.V.Martins, D. Tolledo, J. Machado, L. M.T. Baptista, V.Realinho. (2021) "Early prediction of student’s performance in higher education: a case study" Trends and Applications in Information Systems and Technologies, vol.1, in Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing series. Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-72657-7_16.

Creators:

Valentim Realinho (Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre)

Mónica Vieira Martins (Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre)

Jorge Machado (Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre)

Luís Baptista (Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre)